An antibody directed against thyroglobulin, a protein made by the thyroid and used in thyroid-hormone production. Clinical TgAb blood testing may be used when evaluating autoimmune thyroid conditions.

An inactive form of thyroid hormone produced when the body converts T4 through a pathway that does not produce active T3. It is part of thyroid-hormone metabolism.

The unbound portion of T3 available to tissues. T3 is the more metabolically active thyroid hormone.

Provides information related to T3 availability. Total T3 includes protein-bound and unbound T3, while Free T3 represents the unbound portion.

An antibody against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme involved in producing thyroid hormones. Clinical TPO antibody testing is commonly used when evaluating autoimmune thyroid conditions.

The primary hormone released by the thyroid gland. T4 can be converted into the more active thyroid hormone T3.

The portion of T4 that is not bound to blood proteins and is available to tissues and for conversion to T3.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that signals the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones.

A hormone produced by specialized cells in the thyroid gland that participates in calcium and bone metabolism. 

A potent androgen made primarily from testosterone. Women naturally produce DHT, although typical levels are lower than in men. It can influence hair follicles, skin, and other androgen-responsive tissues.

A major form of estrogen that plays important roles in reproductive function, the menstrual cycle, bone health, and many other tissues throughout the body.

One of the body's major estrogens. Estrone becomes a more prominent circulating estrogen after menopause.

Represents the broader estrogen picture rather than one individual estrogen such as estradiol or estrone.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that supports ovarian follicle development and helps regulate the menstrual cycle and reproductive function.

A steroid hormone involved in menstrual-cycle regulation, reproductive function, and preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.

A protein produced primarily by the liver that binds hormones such as testosterone and estradiol and influences how much circulates in an unbound form.

An androgen naturally produced in women as well as men. In women, testosterone contributes to reproductive physiology, bone and muscle health, and other body functions.

A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps the kidneys regulate sodium, potassium, fluid volume, and blood pressure. 

An adrenal steroid hormone that serves as a precursor for other steroid hormones, including androgens and estrogens.

The sulfated and more abundant circulating form of DHEA. It is produced primarily by the adrenal glands.

A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that participates in the stress response, glucose regulation, metabolism, immune regulation, and normal circadian rhythms. 

A steroid-hormone precursor made from cholesterol. It sits upstream in pathways involved in producing progesterone, cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones. 

A hormone produced primarily by fat tissue that communicates information about energy stores to the hypothalamus and participates in appetite and energy regulation. 

Adenosine is not a hormone. It is a signaling molecule involved in cellular energy metabolism, nervous-system signaling, blood-vessel regulation, and sleep pressure. 

Fibrinogen is not a hormone. It is a protein produced primarily by the liver that plays an essential role in normal blood clot formation. 

This is not a hormone. The term refers to liver-related testing or function. The liver plays important roles in metabolism, protein production, glucose regulation, and processing many hormones and other substances.

A hormone produced primarily by the liver in response to growth hormone. IGF-1 participates in normal growth, tissue development, and cellular processes.

 

G6PD is not a hormone. It is an enzyme involved in cellular antioxidant protection and is particularly important for protecting red blood cells from oxidative damage.
 

A hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that helps regulate blood glucose and coordinates how the body uses and stores energy.

A hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that helps maintain blood glucose, particularly by signaling the liver to make glucose available when needed.
 

A hormone produced primarily by the pineal gland that helps regulate circadian rhythm and sleep-wake timing. 

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that is best known for supporting breast development and milk production. It also participates in reproductive physiology. 

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that helps regulate the menstrual cycle and triggers ovulation. LH also supports ovarian hormone production. 

PSA is not a hormone. It is a protein produced by prostate tissue. Clinical PSA blood testing may be used as part of prostate-health evaluation.